Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациента: лист заданий с ответами

Какие меры предосторожности применяют у пациента с коклюшем?

1. AВоздушные меры предосторожности
2. BКапельные меры предосторожности
3. CКонтактные меры предосторожности
4. DЗащитная (обратная) изоляция

Which item belongs in a sharps container?

1. AA used scalpel blade
2. BA soiled gauze dressing
3. CAn empty IV bag with the tubing removed
4. DA pair of used gloves

Which type of knot is used to secure the straps of a restraint?

1. AA square knot
2. BA quick-release knot
3. CA tight double knot
4. DA knot tied on the patient’s wrist

A nurse finds a used needle in a patient’s bed linen. What should the nurse do?

1. APick it up by the hub or with forceps, put it in a sharps container and report it
2. BRecap it with two hands before throwing it away
3. CFold it into the linen and send it to the laundry
4. DLeave it where it is for the housekeeping staff to remove later in the day

Пациент, принимающий диуретик, имеет высокий риск падений и часто встаёт ночью. Какая мера наиболее полезна?

1. AДавать диуретик перед сном, чтобы он действовал ночью
2. BДержать палату ночью полностью тёмной, чтобы пациент лучше спал
3. CПосещение туалета по расписанию, вызов медсестры и опора для ходьбы в пределах досягаемости
4. DСказать пациенту ничего не пить после обеда

Many intensive care units bathe patients daily with chlorhexidine. What is the main purpose?

1. ATo lower the patient’s body temperature
2. BTo moisturize dry skin in older patients
3. CTo reduce skin bacteria and bloodstream infections linked to central lines
4. DTo treat existing wound infections without the need for antibiotics

In a US hospital (CMS rules), a patient keeps pulling at an endotracheal tube, and alternatives have failed. The nurse applies wrist restraints in an emergency. What must happen next?

1. AAsk the provider for a PRN restraint order to use as needed
2. BKeep the restraints on without an order until the patient is calm
3. CAsk the family to sign a consent form instead of an order
4. DObtain a time-limited order for the restraint promptly, following policy

A patient on long-term high-dose corticosteroids asks for the nasal spray influenza vaccine. What should the nurse explain?

1. APeople on steroids should never have any influenza vaccine
2. BEither type is fine, as long as it is given in the morning
3. CThe nasal spray is a live vaccine, so the injected inactivated vaccine is used instead
4. DThe nasal spray is the best choice for people on steroids, because it is not injected