Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациента: лист заданий с ответами

What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

1. AAn epidemic is a disease that is always present at a low level
2. BA pandemic is an epidemic that spreads across several countries or continents
3. CA pandemic is a disease that only affects animals and never spreads to people
4. DAn epidemic always affects more people than a pandemic

Which precautions are used for an infant in diapers who has rotavirus diarrhea?

1. ADroplet precautions
2. BA protective environment
3. CContact precautions
4. DAirborne precautions

In which order is personal protective equipment usually put on (CDC sequence)?

1. AMask or respirator, gloves, gown, goggles or face shield
2. BGown, mask or respirator, goggles or face shield, gloves
3. CGloves, gown, goggles or face shield, mask or respirator
4. DGoggles or face shield, gloves, mask or respirator, gown

A nurse wants to set up a sterile field in the morning for a procedure that will take place after lunch. What is correct?

1. ASet it up just before the procedure, because a waiting field may become contaminated
2. BSet it up in the morning and ask a colleague to check it once
3. CSet it up in the morning and leave it uncovered in an empty room
4. DSet it up in the morning and cover it with a clean towel until the procedure starts

Which measure reduces errors caused by interruptions during medication preparation?

1. AA quiet “no interruption” zone or signal while preparing medications
2. BAnswering phone calls and pages while counting tablets, to save time
3. CPreparing medications for all patients at once
4. DPreparing medications at the busiest place on the ward

A nurse finds an unlabeled syringe of clear fluid on the medication counter. What should the nurse do?

1. AAsk nearby staff and use it if someone recognizes it
2. BGive it to the patient whose medication is due
3. CDiscard it, because its contents cannot be confirmed
4. DLabel it with the most likely drug name

A patient with depression has suddenly become calm and is giving away personal possessions. What does this suggest?

1. AThat the patient is now ready for discharge today
2. BA possibly increased suicide risk that needs immediate assessment
3. CThat the depression has resolved and observation can be reduced
4. DThat the patient wants to make new friends on the unit

A nurse notices that the pharmacy has sent the wrong dose and corrects it before giving it. Should the event be reported?

1. AOnly if the same error happens three times
2. BNo, because reporting near misses only blames the pharmacy staff for nothing
3. CYes, near misses are reported so system weaknesses can be fixed
4. DNo, because the patient was not harmed