Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациента: лист заданий с ответами

After washing hands at a sink with hand-operated taps, how should the nurse turn off the water?

1. AWith the freshly washed hands
2. BWith the bare forearm before drying
3. CWith a clean, dry paper towel
4. DThe tap is left running for the next person

Why do hospital electrical devices have three-prong plugs?

1. AThe third prong grounds the device and carries stray current safely away
2. BThe third prong lets the device draw a higher voltage from the wall socket
3. CThe third prong connects the device to a backup battery
4. DThe third prong stops the plug from being pulled out by accident

What does sterilization achieve that disinfection does not?

1. AIt removes visible dirt and organic matter from surfaces
2. BIt destroys all microorganisms, including bacterial spores
3. CIt kills viruses but leaves all bacteria alive
4. DIt stops organisms from growing for one day only

A patient on nasal cannula oxygen has dry lips. Which product should the nurse offer?

1. AAn oil-based lip balm
2. BA scented petroleum ointment
3. CA water-based lip lubricant
4. DPetroleum jelly

Какое утверждение о применении физических фиксаций верно?

1. AСначала применяют альтернативы, и необходимо назначение с ограниченным сроком
2. BПостоянные назначения фиксации «по необходимости» — хорошая практика
3. CФиксации проверяют один раз в конце каждой смены
4. DФиксации можно использовать, когда в отделении не хватает сестринского персонала

Which drugs are used as antidotes for nerve agent poisoning?

1. AVitamin K and protamine
2. BNaloxone and flumazenil
3. CAtropine and pralidoxime
4. DAcetylcysteine and charcoal

In a mass-casualty incident with limited resources, why may a critically injured patient with little chance of survival receive care after others?

1. AThe most severely injured are never given comfort care
2. BPatients are treated in the order they arrive
3. CCritical patients are always treated last in every situation, even outside disasters
4. DResources go first to those most likely to survive with treatment

Which patient with a suspected infection meets the qSOFA criteria that signal a higher risk of a poor outcome?

1. ARespiratory rate 16/min, alert, systolic BP 105 mmHg, WBC 13,000/mm³
2. BRespiratory rate 20/min, alert, systolic BP 110 mmHg, heart rate 110/min
3. CRespiratory rate 18/min, alert, systolic BP 130 mmHg, temperature 38,5 °C
4. DRespiratory rate 24/min, new confusion, systolic BP 95 mmHg