Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

What is a typical reference range for the prothrombin time (PT) in a person not taking anticoagulants?

  1. AAbout 3–5 minutes
  2. BAbout 11–13,5 seconds
  3. CAbout 2–4 seconds
  4. DAbout 60–90 seconds
2.Лёгкая

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

  1. A70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L)
  2. B126 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L)
  3. C100 mg/dL (5,6 mmol/L)
  4. D40 mg/dL (2,2 mmol/L)
3.Лёгкая

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) means that the red cells are:

  1. ALarger than normal (macrocytic)
  2. BPaler than normal (hypochromic)
  3. CMore numerous than normal
  4. DShaped like a sickle
4.Средняя

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

  1. ASerum potassium, which may rise too high
  2. BSerum sodium, which may fall too low
  3. CSerum glucose, which may rise very high
  4. DSerum calcium, which may rise too high
5.Средняя

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. Which test is usually done for the nurse as soon as possible?

  1. AA baseline HIV test
  2. BA sweat chloride test
  3. CA serum lipase test
  4. DA thyroid panel test
6.Средняя

A patient takes high-dose furosemide. Besides potassium, which electrolyte is most commonly lowered?

  1. AUric acid
  2. BSodium bicarbonate
  3. CPhosphate
  4. DMagnesium
7.Сложная

A frail older adult in a nursing home has been drinking very little during a heat wave. She is confused, and her sodium is 158 mEq/L. Which treatment would the nurse expect?

  1. AA loop diuretic to remove the extra sodium quickly
  2. BGradual replacement of free water over many hours
  3. CStrict fluid restriction to below 800 mL a day
  4. DRapid infusion of 3% saline to raise the volume
8.Сложная

A patient's total calcium is 7,6 mg/dL and the albumin is 2,0 g/dL. Using the common correction (add 0,8 mg/dL for each 1 g/dL that albumin is below 4,0), what is the corrected calcium?

  1. A11,6 mg/dL, above the normal range
  2. B9,2 mg/dL, within the normal range
  3. C6,0 mg/dL, well below the normal range
  4. D7,6 mg/dL, below the normal range

Ответы

  1. 1. B · About 11–13,5 seconds
  2. 2. A · 70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L)
  3. 3. B · Paler than normal (hypochromic)
  4. 4. B · Serum sodium, which may fall too low
  5. 5. A · A baseline HIV test
  6. 6. D · Magnesium
  7. 7. B · Gradual replacement of free water over many hours
  8. 8. B · 9,2 mg/dL, within the normal range

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