Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

Which sample is commonly used to screen a patient for MRSA carriage on admission?

1. AA swab from the front of the nose
2. BA blood culture from one arm
3. CA clean-catch midstream urine sample
4. DA sample of stool sent for culture

Что в основном указывает повышенный С-реактивный белок (СРБ)?

1. AОбезвоживание и потерю жидкости
2. BВ частности, инфаркт миокарда
3. CВоспаление в организме
4. DВ частности, почечную недостаточность

Which liver test is especially sensitive to heavy alcohol use?

1. ASerum creatinine and BUN
2. BSerum lipase (pancreatic enzyme)
3. CCardiac troponin I or T
4. DGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)

Why is a blood β-hydroxybutyrate level often preferred to a urine ketone dipstick in DKA?

1. AThe urine dipstick only detects ketones in people without diabetes
2. BIt is the only test that can measure glucose and ketones together
3. CIt measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it
4. DIt shows the average ketone level over the past three months

A patient taking a statin reports new, unexplained muscle pain and weakness. Which laboratory test would the nurse expect to be ordered?

1. ACardiac troponin
2. BSerum ammonia
3. CCreatine kinase (CK)
4. DSerum lipase

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. AA low temperature and slow heart rate
2. BCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP
3. CBack pain with dark red urine output
4. DHives and itching without other signs

A middle-aged man has fatigue, joint pain, a raised ALT and new diabetes. His ferritin is very high and his transferrin saturation is above 60%. Which condition is most likely?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia
2. BAcute viral hepatitis A
3. CAnemia of chronic disease
4. DHereditary hemochromatosis

A patient with acute kidney injury after severe dehydration has a rising creatinine. Which urine findings support a prerenal cause rather than acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

1. AWhite cell casts with positive nitrites on the dipstick
2. BRed cell casts with heavy protein loss in the urine
3. CHigh urine sodium and dilute urine with muddy brown granular casts
4. DLow urine sodium and concentrated urine with a high specific gravity