Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

In a person with HIV infection, a CD4 count below which level defines AIDS?

1. A500 cells/µL
2. B200 cells/µL
3. C50 cells/µL
4. D1,000 cells/µL

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

1. AA prolonged QT interval
2. BProminent U waves
3. CTall, peaked T waves
4. DA shortened QT interval

Что в основном указывает положительный тест на кетоны в крови или моче?

1. AПочки теряют белок с мочой
2. BОрганизм расщепляет жир для получения энергии, как при дефиците инсулина или голодании
3. CУ пациента инфекция мочевыводящих путей
4. DПечень вырабатывает слишком много билирубина

A patient with schizophrenia is starting clozapine. Which laboratory value must be monitored regularly?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BAbsolute neutrophil count
3. CInternational normalized ratio
4. DSerum lithium level

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. ABack pain with dark red urine output
2. BA low temperature and slow heart rate
3. CHives and itching without other signs
4. DCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP

Which change in clotting tests is normal in late pregnancy?

1. APlatelets rise above 600 × 10³/µL
2. BaPTT doubles from baseline
3. CINR rises to about 3,0
4. DFibrinogen and D-dimer rise

A patient on IV gentamicin has a trough level above the target, and the creatinine has risen since yesterday. The next dose is due. What is the best action?

1. AHold the dose and report the results to the prescriber
2. BGive the dose with extra oral fluids to protect the kidneys
3. CGive half of the dose and document the reason for it
4. DGive the dose now and recheck the levels next week

A patient's results: sodium 140 mEq/L, chloride 100 mEq/L, bicarbonate 12 mEq/L. What is the anion gap, and what does it suggest?

1. A28 mEq/L, a high anion gap
2. B12 mEq/L, a normal anion gap
3. C52 mEq/L, a very high anion gap
4. D40 mEq/L, a high anion gap