Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

  1. ATall, peaked T waves
  2. BProminent U waves
  3. CA shortened QT interval
  4. DA prolonged QT interval
2.Лёгкая

What is the main role of platelets?

  1. ATo form a plug at the site of vessel injury
  2. BTo produce antibodies against bacteria and viruses
  3. CTo carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
  4. DTo break down old red cells in the spleen
3.Лёгкая

On a liver panel, "direct bilirubin" refers to which form of bilirubin?

  1. AConjugated bilirubin
  2. BTotal urine urobilinogen
  3. CBilirubin in the stool
  4. DUnconjugated bilirubin
4.Средняя

A pregnant woman's blood type is O Rh-negative, and her antibody screen (indirect Coombs test) is negative. What is usually offered at about 28 weeks?

  1. AAnti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
  2. BAn IV dose of vitamin K given for the fetus
  3. CDaily oral iron and folic acid supplements only
  4. DA transfusion of group O Rh-positive red cells
5.Средняя

A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?

  1. AA urinary tract infection
  2. BUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
  3. CAn expected effect of the drug
  4. DA sign of kidney failure
6.Средняя

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

  1. ASerum glucose, which may rise very high
  2. BSerum potassium, which may rise too high
  3. CSerum sodium, which may fall too low
  4. DSerum calcium, which may rise too high
7.Сложная

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2,9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

  1. APrimary adrenal insufficiency
  2. BPrimary hyperaldosteronism
  3. CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
  4. DCentral diabetes insipidus
8.Сложная

A patient with a round face, central weight gain and purple stretch marks has a glucose of 210 mg/dL (11,7 mmol/L) and a potassium of 3,1 mEq/L. Which condition fits best?

  1. ADiabetes insipidus
  2. BHypothyroidism
  3. CCushing syndrome
  4. DAdrenal insufficiency

Ответы

  1. 1. C · A shortened QT interval
  2. 2. A · To form a plug at the site of vessel injury
  3. 3. A · Conjugated bilirubin
  4. 4. A · Anti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
  5. 5. C · An expected effect of the drug
  6. 6. C · Serum sodium, which may fall too low
  7. 7. B · Primary hyperaldosteronism
  8. 8. C · Cushing syndrome

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