Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

At what time of day is serum cortisol normally highest?

1. AAround midnight
2. BLate afternoon
3. CEarly morning
4. DAfter the evening meal

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L)
2. B126 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L)
3. C40 mg/dL (2,2 mmol/L)
4. D100 mg/dL (5,6 mmol/L)

Serum amylase is less specific than lipase for pancreatitis because amylase also comes from:

1. AThe heart muscle
2. BThe bone marrow
3. CThe thyroid gland
4. DThe salivary glands

A patient who is breathless during a transfusion has hypotension, fever and bilateral lung infiltrates, with no signs of fluid overload. Which complication is most likely?

1. AA simple allergic reaction with hives
2. BTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
3. CTransfusion-associated circulatory overload
4. DA mild febrile nonhemolytic reaction

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 300/µL and a new temperature of 38,3 °C (100,9 °F). What should the nurse do first?

1. ARemove extra blankets and offer a tepid sponge bath
2. BEncourage oral fluids and record the fever in the chart
3. CGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
4. DReport it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AIron deficiency without anemia yet
2. BA completely normal iron status
3. CIron overload from too much iron
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia

A nursing student has a positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for tuberculosis, no symptoms and a normal chest X-ray. What does this most likely mean?

1. AA false result, as the test does not detect TB
2. BLatent TB infection, which is not contagious
3. CPast BCG vaccination only, with no infection
4. DActive pulmonary TB, which is contagious

A patient has a continuous heparin infusion for a pulmonary embolism. A new nurse plans to adjust the infusion using today's INR of 1,1. What should the experienced nurse explain?

1. AHeparin is adjusted using the aPTT or anti-Xa level, not the INR
2. BThe INR of 1,1 means the heparin rate must be doubled at once
3. CThe INR is the correct test, and 1,1 means heparin is therapeutic
4. DHeparin needs no laboratory monitoring once the infusion is started