Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
2. BThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria
3. CThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
4. DThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point

Which laboratory test best reflects the body's iron stores?

1. ASerum albumin
2. BSerum sodium
3. CSerum ferritin
4. DPlatelet count

What is the main role of platelets?

1. ATo break down old red cells in the spleen
2. BTo produce antibodies against bacteria and viruses
3. CTo carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
4. DTo form a plug at the site of vessel injury

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. APossible recurrence that needs further assessment
2. BA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
3. CA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
4. DA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured

A patient with HIV on antiretroviral therapy has an undetectable viral load. What does this mean?

1. AThe CD4 count must now be dangerously low too
2. BThe treatment can now be stopped without any risk
3. CThe treatment is suppressing the virus very well
4. DThe virus has been completely cured and removed

A patient takes low-dose methotrexate weekly for rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory tests are monitored regularly?

1. ASerum lithium, sodium and urine specific gravity
2. BTroponin, creatine kinase and myoglobin
3. CComplete blood count, liver tests and kidney function
4. DSerum amylase, lipase and blood ketones

A patient has macrocytic anemia with low vitamin B₁₂ and antibodies to intrinsic factor. What does this suggest, and how is it usually treated?

1. AFolate deficiency, treated with folic acid only
2. BPernicious anemia, treated with B₁₂ injections
3. CHemolytic anemia, treated with blood transfusion
4. DIron deficiency, treated with oral iron tablets

Which patient's result should the nurse act on first?

1. APlatelets 140 × 10³/µL in a patient with mild chronic liver disease
2. BHemoglobin 6,4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min
3. CHemoglobin 9,6 g/dL (96 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
4. DFerritin 15 ng/mL in a well patient with known iron-deficiency anemia on oral iron