Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

Where are urinary casts formed?

1. AIn the kidney tubules
2. BIn the urethra
3. CIn the ureters
4. DIn the urinary bladder

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this most likely show?

1. AGlucose spilling into the urine from high blood levels
2. BRed blood cells leaking from the glomeruli
3. CBacteria in the urine that convert nitrate to nitrite
4. DKetones produced from fat breakdown in fasting

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A100 mg/dL (5,6 mmol/L)
2. B70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L)
3. C126 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L)
4. D40 mg/dL (2,2 mmol/L)

A patient is starting atorvastatin. Which laboratory test is usually checked at baseline?

1. ALiver enzymes
2. BThyroid antibodies
3. CBlood cultures
4. DSerum lipase

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

1. AThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
2. BThe patient must have a different disease instead
3. CThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
4. DThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. AThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
2. BThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day
3. CSevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem
4. DHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
2. B"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
3. C"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
4. D"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"

An older adult has bone pain, fatigue and frequent infections. Results show anemia, a calcium of 12,4 mg/dL (3,1 mmol/L), a raised total protein and a rising creatinine. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AMultiple myeloma
2. BIron-deficiency anemia
3. CAcute viral hepatitis
4. DPrimary hypothyroidism