Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкология: лист заданий с ответами

What is a common reason for giving a premedication before surgery?

1. ATo treat the surgical wound in advance
2. BTo make the patient hungry after surgery
3. CTo reduce anxiety
4. DTo replace the general anaesthetic

Какой совет помогает пациенту с оральным мукозитом после химиотерапии?

1. AГорячая острая пища для стимуляции слюноотделения
2. BСпиртосодержащий ополаскиватель для дезинфекции несколько раз в день
3. CПрекратить любой уход за полостью рта, пока не пройдёт боль
4. DБережный уход с мягкой зубной щёткой и полоскания физиологическим раствором

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe exact length of the planned operation
2. BThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
3. CThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
4. DThe patient's pain score after surgery

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ANormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack
2. BNo food at all until the confusion settles
3. CA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia
4. DOnly clear fluids for several weeks

Why does a patient need lifelong vitamin B₁₂ injections after total gastrectomy?

1. AThe small bowel stops absorbing all nutrients
2. BVitamin B₁₂ is lost in the urine after the surgery
3. CThe liver can no longer store any vitamins
4. DIntrinsic factor from the stomach is no longer made

Which description fits a category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer?

1. AFull-thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle
2. BA blister filled with clear fluid over the heel or sacrum
3. CA shallow wound into the dermis only
4. DIntact skin with redness that does not blanch

A patient with a platelet count of 8 × 10⁹/L (8,000/µL) develops a sudden severe headache and confusion. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal effects of chemotherapy
2. BA tension headache from stress
3. CIntracranial bleeding
4. DDehydration from poor intake

A bag of parenteral nutrition runs out and the next one will not arrive for several hours. Which risk should the nurse anticipate?

1. ARebound hypoglycaemia
2. BSevere hyperkalaemia
3. CAcute urinary retention
4. DRaised intracranial pressure