Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкология: лист заданий с ответами

Какой процент у взрослого составляет вся нога по правилу девяток?

1. A18%
2. B27%
3. C9%
4. D4,5%

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
2. BThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
3. CThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
4. DThe patient is fully alert and anxious

When should pain be reassessed after giving analgesia?

1. AOnly at the next routine observation round the next day
2. BNever, as one assessment is enough
3. CWhen the drug is expected to have taken effect
4. DOnly if the patient asks for more analgesia

Which risk is particularly linked with tramadol?

1. ASevere stomach ulcers in all patients
2. BSerotonin syndrome with some antidepressants, and seizures
3. CRapid liver failure at normal doses
4. DHigh blood pressure that needs emergency treatment in most patients

Какая картина электролитов типична для синдрома лизиса опухоли?

1. AВысокие натрий и кальций при низкой мочевой кислоте
2. BВысокие калий, фосфат и мочевая кислота; низкий кальций
3. CНизкие калий, фосфат и мочевая кислота
4. DНизкие калий и фосфат при высоком кальции

For which stoma can colostomy irrigation be considered?

1. AA new ileostomy in the first week
2. BAn established descending or sigmoid colostomy
3. CAny stoma that has liquid or very loose output
4. DAn ileal conduit draining urine

A patient with three fractured ribs is taking shallow breaths because of pain. Why is effective analgesia a priority?

1. ARib pain always means the heart is damaged
2. BShallow breathing can lead to atelectasis and pneumonia
3. CGood analgesia makes rib fractures heal fully within a few days
4. DPain relief is only needed for the patient's comfort

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple constipation from low intake
2. BHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea
3. CToxic megacolon
4. DThe flare is getting better