Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкология: лист заданий с ответами

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
2. BThe exact length of the planned operation
3. CThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
4. DThe patient's pain score after surgery

Зачем при непроходимости кишечника часто вводят назогастральный зонд?

1. AЧтобы измерять давление внутри кишки
2. BЧтобы вводить слабительные для устранения непроходимости
3. CЧтобы напрямую вводить питание с высоким содержанием клетчатки мимо препятствия
4. DЧтобы разгрузить желудок и уменьшить рвоту

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. ARub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin
2. BAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once
3. CBrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
4. DCover it with a tight dressing and wait

Which is a usual benefit of laparoscopic over open abdominal surgery?

1. ANo need for a general anaesthetic ever
2. BLess pain and a shorter hospital stay
3. CLarger wounds that heal faster
4. DNo risk of any complications at all

After a spinal anaesthetic, which nursing check is particularly important?

1. APeak flow before and after each meal
2. BReturn of leg sensation and movement, and passing urine
3. CPupil reaction every five minutes for the next full day
4. DBlood glucose every 15 minutes overnight

A dying patient can no longer drink. Which mouth care is most appropriate?

1. AFrequent, gentle moistening of the mouth and lips
2. BNo mouth care, to avoid disturbing the patient
3. CLemon and glycerine swabs every hour to stimulate saliva
4. DBrushing hard with a stiff toothbrush twice a day

A nurse teaches a patient with GORD. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll try to lose some weight over the next months."
2. B"I'll stop smoking because it makes reflux worse."
3. C"Peppermint tea after dinner will settle my reflux."
4. D"I'll keep a diary of foods that trigger my symptoms."

During a nasogastric feed, a patient starts coughing and SpO₂ falls from 96% to 89%. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStop the feed and assess the airway and breathing
2. BGive a drink of water to clear the throat
3. CIncrease the feed rate to finish it sooner
4. DLay the patient flat to help them rest