Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкология: лист заданий с ответами

Which sign is typical of hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA drooping eyelid on one side
2. BA stiff neck with sensitivity to light
3. CA fine rash over the chest and arms
4. DA flapping tremor of the outstretched hands

What is a hiatus hernia?

1. AA bulge of bowel through an old surgical scar
2. BPart of the bowel pushing through the groin into the scrotum
3. CBowel bulging through a weak point in the muscle at the umbilicus
4. DPart of the stomach pushing up through the diaphragm

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ASo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately
2. BBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
3. CBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason
4. DBecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
2. BA heart attack during the operation
3. CA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning
4. DGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm

A nasogastric feeding tube appears blocked. What is usually the first step?

1. APush the guidewire back in to clear it
2. BFlush gently with warm water in a 50 mL enteral syringe
3. CUse a small 5 mL syringe with firm pressure
4. DCut the end of the tube to release the blockage inside it

У пациента с новой илеостомой очень высокое отделяемое. В чём главный риск?

1. AВысокий кальций и камни в почках в течение нескольких дней
2. BГиперволемия и отёк лодыжек
3. CОбезвоживание и потеря натрия, калия и магния
4. DЗапор и копростаз в кишке выше стомы

A patient with diabetes on continuous enteral feeding and an insulin regimen has the feed stopped for a procedure. What is the main concern?

1. ARefeeding syndrome from too much glucose
2. BDiarrhoea from stopping the feed suddenly
3. CHyperglycaemia because the stomach is empty
4. DHypoglycaemia if insulin continues without the feed

A patient taking oral capecitabine reports red, painful, peeling palms and soles. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure that it is a sign of an unrelated allergy to washing powder
2. BTell the patient to take a double dose next time
3. CAdvise hot soaks for the hands and feet
4. DReport it; this is hand-foot syndrome and treatment may need changing