Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкология: лист заданий с ответами

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo feed the patient after surgery
2. BTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed
3. CTo measure the patient's temperature
4. DTo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site

What is the key difference between a benign and a malignant tumour?

1. AA benign tumour always spreads to the lymph nodes
2. BA benign tumour always grows faster than a malignant one
3. CA malignant tumour never needs any treatment
4. DA malignant tumour invades nearby tissue and can spread

Why should rings, watches and tight clothing be removed early after a burn to the arm?

1. AThey make the burn look worse in photographs
2. BMetal items always cause infection in burns
3. CThey interfere with the rule of nines calculation of burn size
4. DSwelling may follow, and they could cut off the circulation

Какая область используется для быстрой оценки 1% площади поверхности тела при небольших или разбросанных ожогах?

1. AЛадонь пациента вместе с пальцами
2. BЛадонь осматривающего вместе с пальцами
3. CНоготь большого пальца пациента
4. DКисть и предплечье пациента

Какие меры помогают предотвратить синдром лизиса опухоли у пациентов высокого риска?

1. AЕжедневные добавки кальция и фосфата
2. BПрекращение всех внутривенных и пероральных жидкостей на время химиотерапии
3. CВнутривенная гидратация с аллопуринолом или расбуриказой
4. DОграничение жидкости с таблетками калия

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. AInject into a vein in the back of the hand
2. BRub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption
3. CLeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold
4. DExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. ANormal ageing; no action needed
2. BRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
3. CA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
4. DA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG

An 80 kg adult has 30% TBSA partial- and full-thickness burns. Using the Parkland formula, how much crystalloid is planned for the first 8 hours from the time of the burn?

1. A4800 mL
2. B2400 mL
3. C3200 mL
4. D9600 mL