Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

What is a suprapubic catheter?

1. AA catheter put into the bladder through the abdomen
2. BA small catheter used only once and then removed
3. CA catheter passed into the bladder through the urethra
4. DA tube placed into the kidney through the back

What is the main effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

1. AIt lowers blood potassium
2. BIt raises blood calcium
3. CIt raises blood sodium
4. DIt lowers blood glucose

Why is dexamethasone often given to patients with a brain tumour?

1. ATo raise the blood pressure
2. BTo kill the tumour cells directly
3. CTo prevent infection after a biopsy
4. DTo reduce swelling around the tumour

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA strict low-protein diet
2. BA diet very high in caffeine for energy
3. CA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
4. DA high-calorie diet with enough protein

A patient takes levodopa for Parkinson's disease. Which teaching point is correct?

1. ALarge high-protein meals can reduce how well the drug works
2. BStop the drug for a day each week to avoid tolerance
3. CThe drug cures the disease if taken for a full year
4. DThe tablets work best taken with a large steak dinner

A patient with CKD is booked for a CT scan with iodinated contrast. Which measure helps protect the kidneys?

1. ARestricting all fluids for 24 hours before the scan
2. BGiving a dose of ibuprofen before the scan
3. CDoubling the dose of contrast for a clearer image
4. DGood hydration around the scan, often with IV fluids

A nurse teaches a carer to give buccal midazolam for prolonged seizures. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will put something between his teeth so he does not bite his tongue."
2. B"I will write down the time the seizure started and the time I gave the dose."
3. C"I will give it into the space between his gum and cheek."
4. D"I will call an ambulance if the care plan tells me to."

A patient with untreated end-stage kidney disease has chest pain that is worse lying flat and better sitting forward. A rub is heard over the heart. What is most likely?

1. AA rib fracture from coughing
2. BA stable angina attack, which needs only a nitrate spray and rest
3. CUraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis
4. DIndigestion from phosphate binders