Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

Which group of features defines nephrotic syndrome?

  1. APainful urination, fever and frequency
  2. BBlood in the urine, high BP and low urine output
  3. CHeavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema
  4. DSevere loin pain that spreads to the groin
2.Лёгкая

Which symptoms in a patient with back pain suggest cauda equina syndrome?

  1. AMild stiffness in the morning that soon wears off
  2. BNumbness between the legs and new bladder problems
  3. CBack pain that eases when walking around the house
  4. DPain that is worse after a long day at work
3.Лёгкая

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

  1. APainless red urine with clots
  2. BBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
  3. CSwelling of the ankles and frothy urine
  4. DHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
4.Средняя

A patient with a new ileal conduit has threads of mucus in their urine. What should the nurse explain?

  1. AThe kidneys have stopped working properly after surgery
  2. BThis is a sign that the stoma is dying
  3. CThis is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel
  4. DThis proves a serious kidney infection
5.Средняя

An 85-year-old care home resident becomes newly confused and is falling more often. A UTI is one possibility. Why?

  1. AConfusion is the only symptom of a UTI at any age
  2. BA UTI cannot occur in people over 80
  3. COlder adults often show infection as confusion
  4. DUrinary infections always cause a high fever in older adults
6.Средняя

An 80-year-old with angina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. How is levothyroxine usually started?

  1. AAt a low dose, increased slowly
  2. BAs a single large weekly injection
  3. CAt a full dose from the first day
  4. DOnly after the angina has been cured
7.Сложная

У пациента на ИВЛ черепно-мозговая травма. Какую цель по PaCO₂ обычно ставят, если вклинение не неизбежно?

  1. AЛюбое PaCO₂, так как оно не влияет на ВЧД
  2. BВысокое PaCO₂ для раскрытия сосудов мозга
  3. CНизкое PaCO₂ из-за длительной гипервентиляции
  4. DНормальное PaCO₂ (нормокапния)
8.Сложная

A patient with multiple sclerosis has had worse leg weakness for one day, together with a fever and burning on passing urine. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. AA true relapse that needs high-dose steroids
  2. BA pseudo-relapse caused by infection
  3. CA side effect of physiotherapy
  4. DA change to progressive MS

Ответы

  1. 1. C · Heavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema
  2. 2. B · Numbness between the legs and new bladder problems
  3. 3. B · Burning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
  4. 4. C · This is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel
  5. 5. C · Older adults often show infection as confusion
  6. 6. A · At a low dose, increased slowly
  7. 7. D · Нормальное PaCO₂ (нормокапния)
  8. 8. B · A pseudo-relapse caused by infection

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