Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

What is the purpose of a steroid emergency card or medical alert ID?

1. ATo let the patient buy steroids without a prescription
2. BTo record the patient's blood glucose results
3. CTo warn staff that extra steroid is needed in illness or injury
4. DTo show that the patient is allergic to all types of steroid medicine

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. APassing urine more often at night only
2. BFever, rigors and pain in the loin
3. CMild burning on passing urine only
4. DUrine that smells slightly stronger

What is urge incontinence?

1. ALeaking only when laughing, coughing or lifting heavy objects
2. BDribbling because the bladder never empties
3. CA sudden, strong need to pass urine, followed by leaking
4. DLeaking because the toilet is too far away

A patient on peritoneal dialysis has gained weight and has higher glucose levels. Which part of the treatment is the likely cause?

1. AAir entering the abdomen during exchanges
2. BSodium lost into the dialysis fluid
3. CGlucose absorbed from the dialysis fluid
4. DProtein lost into the dialysis fluid

Какое сестринское действие помогает предотвратить рост внутричерепного давления?

1. AПоложение пациента плашмя с резко согнутыми бёдрами
2. BПроведение всего ухода и аспирации в одну длительную сессию
3. CПрофилактика запора и распределение ухода во времени
4. DПобуждение к сильному кашлю каждый час

После черепно-мозговой травмы из носа капает прозрачная жидкость. В чём главная проблема?

1. AНормальная слизь, выделяющаяся после плача
2. BПростая простуда или приступ сенной лихорадки
3. CАллергическая реакция на контраст для КТ
4. DУтечка спинномозговой жидкости из-за перелома черепа

A patient with an acute stroke has a glucose of 15 mmol/L (270 mg/dL). They do not have known diabetes. What is appropriate?

1. AReport it and monitor glucose, as it can worsen outcome
2. BGive glucose gel to stabilise the level
3. CIgnore it, because stress always raises glucose
4. DStop all IV fluids to lower the glucose

A patient with Addison's disease has been vomiting for a day. They are confused, with BP 78/40 mmHg, sodium 126 mmol/L and potassium 6,0 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. AA fluid restriction for the low sodium
2. BIV potassium to correct the electrolytes
3. CIV hydrocortisone straight away, plus IV fluids
4. DOral hydrocortisone and an antiemetic by mouth