Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey make the pancreas release more insulin
2. BThey replace insulin that the body lacks
3. CThey make the kidneys pass more glucose
4. DThey slow down the absorption of food

Which mineral is needed to make thyroid hormones?

1. AIodine
2. BZinc
3. CIron
4. DCalcium

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
2. BVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
3. CKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

Why must Parkinson's medicines be given on time in hospital?

1. ALate doses build up in the blood and cause an overdose
2. BLate doses can soon cause stiffness, falls and poor swallowing
3. CLate doses cause the patient to develop high blood glucose
4. DGiving them on time prevents the disease from getting worse

Where is the zero point of an external ventricular drain usually levelled?

1. AAt the top of the head
2. BAt the tragus of the ear
3. CAt the level of the umbilicus
4. DAt the mid-axillary line of the chest

A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?

1. AA sign that the dose is too low
2. BDehydration from drinking too little
3. CA normal adjustment reaction to the drug
4. DLiver toxicity from valproate

A patient with a new arm fistula says their hand on that side is cold, pale and painful, especially during dialysis. What is the concern?

1. AFluid overload in the arm
2. BAn allergic reaction to the dressing on the arm
3. CNormal healing that needs no action
4. DSteal syndrome, which needs urgent review

A patient with gastroparesis has hypos soon after their meal-time insulin, then high glucose several hours later. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe patient is secretly eating sweets between meals
2. BThe meter gives false results for several hours after every meal
3. CFood is absorbed slowly, so the insulin peaks before the glucose rises
4. DThe insulin has gone off and needs replacing