Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Какой совет по ежедневному уходу за стопами правилен для человека с диабетом?

1. AУдалять мозоли дома бритвенным лезвием
2. BЕжедневно парить стопы в горячей воде в течение часа
3. CОсматривать стопы ежедневно и никогда не ходить босиком
4. DОсматривать стопы раз в год в клинике

Which substance do the kidneys release that helps raise blood pressure?

1. AThyroxine
2. BRenin
3. CInsulin
4. DBile

Why do patients with chronic kidney disease often develop bone disease?

1. AThe bones are attacked by antibodies made in the kidneys
2. BThe kidneys cannot activate vitamin D or clear phosphate
3. CThe kidneys release too much calcium into the bones
4. DPatients usually drink too much milk

Which complication is a particular risk in nephrotic syndrome?

1. AHypoglycaemia
2. BLow cholesterol
3. CBleeding from low platelets
4. DVenous thrombosis

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?

1. AThe urine has a lot of glucose in it
2. BBacteria that convert nitrate are present
3. CThe kidneys are losing too much protein
4. DThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid

A patient who has had type 1 diabetes for 30 years says they no longer feel the warning signs of a hypo. What is this called?

1. AInsulin resistance
2. BThe dawn phenomenon
3. CHypoglycaemia unawareness
4. DDiabetic ketoacidosis

A patient who had pituitary surgery has fatigue and feels cold. TSH is low, and free T4 is low. What is the most likely cause?

1. AHyperthyroidism from Graves' disease
2. BSecondary hypothyroidism
3. COver-replacement with levothyroxine
4. DPrimary hypothyroidism from thyroid failure

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging
2. BAdvise more fluids and review in a year
3. CReassure him, because the blood has stopped
4. DAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI