Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Why do women get urinary tract infections more often than men?

1. AWomen's kidneys are smaller than men's
2. BWomen drink more fluids than men do each day
3. CWomen have more bacteria in their blood
4. DThe urethra is shorter and closer to the anus

Which description best fits an absence seizure?

1. AStiffening and then jerking of all four limbs for several minutes
2. BA sudden loss of muscle tone that makes the person fall
3. CA brief staring spell of a few seconds with a quick return to normal
4. DJerking that starts in one hand and spreads up the arm

What is sciatica?

1. ACramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
2. BPain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
3. CStiffness of the hips in the morning
4. DPain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root

Why is propranolol given to a patient with hyperthyroidism?

1. ATo destroy overactive thyroid tissue over a few weeks
2. BTo replace the hormone lost from the thyroid gland
3. CTo stop the thyroid gland from making any more hormones
4. DTo ease tremor and palpitations while other treatment starts

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. AAn allergy to the painkillers
2. BNormal progress of migraine
3. CMedication overuse headache
4. DA brain tumour, which is almost certain

A patient has a nephrostomy tube. Which finding needs urgent action?

1. ASteady urine drainage into the bag
2. BDrainage that stops suddenly with new loin pain
3. CA dry, intact dressing at the site
4. DLight pink urine on the first day after insertion

After removal of a cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, why may the patient need hydrocortisone for months?

1. AHydrocortisone helps the wound to heal
2. BThe operation always removes both adrenal glands
3. CThe tumour will grow back quickly without it
4. DThe other adrenal gland has been suppressed

A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer
2. BThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before
3. CKidney disease makes the meter read too low
4. DKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin