Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Which symptoms are typical of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

1. AA weak stream, hesitancy and passing urine at night
2. BLeaking urine only when coughing or laughing
3. CPainless red urine with clots and weight loss
4. DBurning pain on passing urine with a high fever

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
2. BIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water
3. CIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
4. DIt makes the kidneys pass more water

Which picture is typical of Guillain–Barré syndrome?

1. AMuscle weakness that worsens late in the day and improves with rest
2. BA sudden one-sided facial droop with slurred speech
3. CA resting tremor that slowly spreads to the other hand
4. DRising weakness from the legs, weeks after an infection

Пациент с инсультом в правом полушарии игнорирует еду на левой стороне тарелки. Как это называется?

1. AМозжечковая атаксия
2. BЭкспрессивная афазия
3. CДисфагия
4. DЛевостороннее пренебрежение (неглект)

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly
2. BTo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time
3. CTo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain
4. DTo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly

A patient uses a continuous glucose monitor. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt measures glucose directly in the blood every second of the day
2. BIt works by giving small doses of insulin automatically
3. CIt makes finger-prick checks unnecessary in every situation
4. DIt reads glucose in fluid under the skin, a little behind blood glucose

After removal of a cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, why may the patient need hydrocortisone for months?

1. AThe tumour will grow back quickly without it
2. BHydrocortisone helps the wound to heal
3. CThe other adrenal gland has been suppressed
4. DThe operation always removes both adrenal glands

A patient with type 1 diabetes is vomiting at home. Their glucose is 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL), and blood ketones are 3,5 mmol/L. What advice is correct?

1. AStop insulin until the vomiting has settled
2. BSeek urgent hospital assessment for possible DKA
3. CWait until the glucose is above 20 mmol/L (360 mg/dL)
4. DDrink less fluid to stop the vomiting