Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

How is the pain of renal colic typically described?

1. AA dull ache in the lower back after lifting
2. BSevere pain that comes in waves from the loin to the groin
3. CPain in the right lower abdomen that started near the navel
4. DBurning pain in the chest after meals

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
2. BEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood
3. CInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight
4. DA lack of glucagon from the pancreas

How should a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site be cared for?

1. AKept clean and dry and checked daily for redness
2. BCleaned with a strong bleach solution
3. CCovered with a tight bandage and not looked at for a week
4. DSoaked in a hot bath every day

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAcute pancreatitis
2. BLow blood glucose
3. CNormal nausea from the drug
4. DA simple urinary tract infection

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
2. BThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
3. CHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down
4. DThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage

A patient has acute glomerulonephritis with oedema and high blood pressure. Which nursing care is most appropriate?

1. AEncourage a high-salt diet to balance the fluids
2. BCheck the weight once a week
3. CMonitor BP, fluid balance and daily weight
4. DGive large amounts of IV fluid

Two days after a spinal cord injury, a patient has a swollen abdomen, no bowel sounds and is vomiting. What is most likely, and what is the nursing action?

1. AAn allergic reaction to food, so give an antihistamine
2. BA full bladder, so encourage oral fluids
3. CNormal constipation, so give a large meal to stimulate the bowel
4. DParalytic ileus, so keep nil by mouth and prepare for an NG tube

The day after a lumbar puncture, a patient has a headache that is severe when standing and almost gone when lying flat. Temperature and neck movement are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA migraine triggered by stress
2. BA subarachnoid haemorrhage
3. CBacterial meningitis from the procedure
4. DPost-dural puncture headache