Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами
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1.Лёгкая
Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?
AAtrial fibrillation
BSinus bradycardia
CFirst-degree heart block
DSinus arrhythmia
2.Лёгкая
Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?
AAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
BAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
CAbout 0,05 mL/kg per hour
DAbout 0,5 mL/kg per hour
3.Лёгкая
What is the usual first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women?
AA permanent urinary catheter
BPelvic floor muscle training
CRestricting fluids to half a litre a day
DSurgery straight away
4.Средняя
A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?
AWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
BGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
COmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
DGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
5.Средняя
A patient on peritoneal dialysis has gained weight and has higher glucose levels. Which part of the treatment is the likely cause?
AAir entering the abdomen during exchanges
BProtein lost into the dialysis fluid
CGlucose absorbed from the dialysis fluid
DSodium lost into the dialysis fluid
6.Средняя
A kidney transplant recipient asks about travel vaccines. Which statement is correct?
AOnly live vaccines are effective after a transplant
BLive vaccines are usually avoided
CAll vaccines are completely safe after a transplant
DVaccines will cause the kidney to be rejected
7.Сложная
У пациента на ИВЛ черепно-мозговая травма. Какую цель по PaCO₂ обычно ставят, если вклинение не неизбежно?
AНизкое PaCO₂ из-за длительной гипервентиляции
BНормальное PaCO₂ (нормокапния)
CЛюбое PaCO₂, так как оно не влияет на ВЧД
DВысокое PaCO₂ для раскрытия сосудов мозга
8.Сложная
A patient with known back pain says they now cannot feel the skin between their legs and have not passed urine for 12 hours. What should happen?
AA routine physiotherapy appointment next week
BA laxative and review in the clinic in a month
CAdvice to rest at home and take stronger painkillers
DUrgent MRI and referral to the spinal surgeons
Ответы
1. A · Atrial fibrillation
2. D · About 0,5 mL/kg per hour
3. B · Pelvic floor muscle training
4. A · Wait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
5. C · Glucose absorbed from the dialysis fluid
6. B · Live vaccines are usually avoided
7. B · Нормальное PaCO₂ (нормокапния)
8. D · Urgent MRI and referral to the spinal surgeons
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