Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Какой анализ крови чаще всего используют для оценки функции почек?

1. AУровень альбумина сыворотки
2. BУровень амилазы сыворотки
3. CКреатинин сыворотки (рСКФ)
4. DHbA1c (гликированный гемоглобин)

What is sciatica?

1. ACramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
2. BPain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root
3. CPain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
4. DStiffness of the hips in the morning

Which is a common cause of a low potassium level?

1. AAddison's disease
2. BTaking a loop diuretic such as furosemide
3. CTaking an ACE inhibitor such as ramipril
4. DAdvanced chronic kidney disease

Why are insulin and glucose given together to treat hyperkalaemia?

1. AInsulin makes the kidneys pass more potassium in the urine
2. BInsulin protects the heart muscle cells from the potassium
3. CGlucose binds the potassium in the blood and removes it
4. DInsulin moves potassium into cells; glucose prevents a hypo

Why must Parkinson's medicines be given on time in hospital?

1. AGiving them on time prevents the disease from getting worse
2. BLate doses cause the patient to develop high blood glucose
3. CLate doses can soon cause stiffness, falls and poor swallowing
4. DLate doses build up in the blood and cause an overdose

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. AA weight gain of 2 kg (4,4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling
2. BDark yellow urine and thirst
3. CA weight loss of 1 kg (2,2 lb) after a hot day
4. DA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing

A patient with stable epilepsy on phenytoin started a new medicine last week. They now have nystagmus, an unsteady gait and slurred speech. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to walk more to improve their balance
2. BSuspect phenytoin toxicity, hold the next dose and ask for a drug level
3. CSuspect a new stroke and give aspirin straight away before any scan
4. DGive the next phenytoin dose early to prevent a seizure

A patient with SIADH is taught about a fluid restriction. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report any headaches or confusion."
2. B"If I feel thirsty, I can drink as much water as I like."
3. C"I will count all drinks, including soup, in my daily total."
4. D"I will weigh myself every morning."