Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

What is exophthalmos?

1. ALoss of the outer eyebrows
2. BYellowing of the eyes
3. CDrooping of one eyelid
4. DBulging of the eyes

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood
2. BA lack of glucagon from the pancreas
3. CAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
4. DInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight

Что такое постиктальная фаза?

1. AПредупреждающее ощущение непосредственно перед началом припадка
2. BПериод сонливости и спутанности после припадка
3. CПрипадок, длящийся более пяти минут
4. DФаза напряжения в начале тонико-клонического припадка

A man starts finasteride for an enlarged prostate. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt is used only for a few days at a time
2. BIt takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
3. CIt lowers the blood pressure, so dizziness is very common
4. DIt works within hours by relaxing the bladder muscle

A patient with a new ileal conduit has threads of mucus in their urine. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel
2. BThis proves a serious kidney infection
3. CThis is a sign that the stoma is dying
4. DThe kidneys have stopped working properly after surgery

Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?

1. AAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating
2. BA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
3. CUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week
4. DRestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool

The day after a lumbar puncture, a patient has a headache that is severe when standing and almost gone when lying flat. Temperature and neck movement are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA subarachnoid haemorrhage
2. BA migraine triggered by stress
3. CBacterial meningitis from the procedure
4. DPost-dural puncture headache

A haemodialysis patient missed their last two sessions. They are breathless, with crackles, and the potassium is 6,9 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. ALarge IV fluid boluses to improve the circulation
2. BUrgent dialysis, with cardiac monitoring meanwhile
3. COral potassium supplements and rest
4. DA routine dialysis session at the next planned slot