Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Which description best fits an absence seizure?

1. AA brief staring spell of a few seconds with a quick return to normal
2. BJerking that starts in one hand and spreads up the arm
3. CStiffening and then jerking of all four limbs for several minutes
4. DA sudden loss of muscle tone that makes the person fall

After a head injury, a patient has bruising behind the ear over the mastoid bone. What does this suggest?

1. AA fracture of the base of the skull
2. BA simple scalp laceration
3. CAn injury to the outer ear only
4. DA fractured jaw

What is an early sign of kidney damage from diabetes?

1. APain felt in both kidneys at night
2. BBlood in the urine that is visible
3. CA very low blood urea level
4. DSmall amounts of albumin in the urine

A patient with a spinal cord injury can still feel a light touch around the anus. What does this show?

1. AThe injury is complete, and recovery is not possible
2. BThe patient has an injury of the brain, not the cord
3. CThe sensation is only a spinal reflex and has no real meaning for recovery
4. DThe injury is incomplete, which suggests a better chance of recovery

A patient has just started haemodialysis. What usually happens to their protein needs?

1. AThey increase, because dialysis removes amino acids
2. BThey fall to almost zero to rest the kidneys
3. CProtein must be replaced only by IV infusion
4. DThey stay exactly the same as they were before dialysis

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
2. BIt contains the patient's urine
3. CIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
4. DIt contains air that keeps the line open

Пациента с гипотиреозом, несколько недель не принимавшего лекарства, госпитализировали с гипотермией и сонливостью, пульс 46/мин, низкий натрий и повышенное PaCO₂. Какое состояние наиболее вероятно?

1. AНадпочечниковый криз
2. BМикседематозная кома
3. CТиреотоксический криз
4. DТепловой удар

A nurse teaches a young adult with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"As long as I take my tablets, I can swim alone."
2. B"I will tell my friends what to do if I have a seizure."
3. C"I will keep a record of any seizures I have."
4. D"I will take a shower rather than a bath."