Сестринское дело в психиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

What are the core features of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

1. ALow mood, loss of interest and poor sleep
2. BObsessions, compulsions and repeated checking
3. CInattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity
4. DDelusions, hallucinations and disorganised speech

In Freud's theory of personality, what is the role of the ego?

1. ATo act as the moral conscience that creates guilt
2. BTo seek immediate pleasure regardless of the consequences
3. CTo store all forgotten memories from childhood
4. DTo balance the demands of the id, the superego and reality

What is systematic desensitisation?

1. ASudden and prolonged exposure to the most feared situation at once
2. BTeaching the patient to avoid the feared situation completely, so that the anxiety never has to be felt again
3. CA medicine that reduces anxiety within minutes of being taken
4. DGradual exposure to a feared situation, step by step, while using relaxation

How does memantine work in Alzheimer's disease?

1. AIt blocks NMDA glutamate receptors
2. BIt blocks dopamine D₂ receptors
3. CIt increases serotonin by blocking its reuptake
4. DIt inhibits the breakdown of acetylcholine

What is the key difference between factitious disorder and malingering?

1. AMalingering is a severe mental disorder, while factitious disorder is not classed as a mental disorder at all
2. BIn factitious disorder, the symptoms are not produced on purpose at all
3. CThere is no real difference between them, and both terms mean exactly the same thing
4. DIn factitious disorder, the aim is to be seen as ill; in malingering, the aim is an external reward

Какой диапазон концентрации лития в сыворотке обычно называют поддерживающим терапевтическим?

1. AОколо 2,0–3,0 mmol/L (более высокие уровни нужны при острой мании)
2. BОколо 0,01–0,05 mmol/L
3. CОколо 3,5–5,0 mmol/L
4. DОколо 0,6–1,2 mmol/L (целевые диапазоны различаются в разных рекомендациях)

У пациента на клозапине температура 38,5 °C и боль в горле. Что является приоритетом?

1. AСрочно сообщить, чтобы до следующей дозы проверить общий анализ крови с нейтрофилами
2. BПодождать до следующего планового анализа крови
3. CДать парацетамол и продолжать клозапин как обычно
4. DСказать пациенту, что это, вероятно, простуда, посоветовать пить больше и продолжать клозапин как обычно

A man with schizophrenia who has been well for 2 years wants to stop his antipsychotic. Which approach best reflects recovery-oriented care?

1. ADiscuss benefits and risks, decide together with the prescriber and agree a relapse plan
2. BTell him he must take it for life and refuse to discuss it
3. CAdvise him to stop it suddenly on his own and see what happens over the next month
4. DReport him to the police and his employer for non-adherence to treatment