Сестринское дело в психиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Что означает принцип «наименее ограничительной альтернативы» в психиатрической помощи?

1. AФиксацию следует применять в первую очередь
2. BПомощь должна как можно меньше ограничивать свободу пациента, сохраняя безопасность его и других
3. CПациентов нельзя ограничивать ни в чём, даже при серьёзном риске для них самих или других
4. DВсех пациентов нужно помещать в закрытое отделение

What is the main purpose of a debriefing after a physical restraint incident?

1. ATo punish the patient for the behaviour that led to the restraint
2. BTo decide which staff member should be blamed for the incident
3. CTo review what happened, support those involved and learn how to prevent future restraint
4. DTo agree how to avoid recording the incident in the patient's records so that the ward is not criticised

A woman would like friends but avoids social situations because she is very afraid of rejection and criticism. Which personality disorder does this suggest?

1. AAntisocial
2. BSchizoid
3. CAvoidant
4. DNarcissistic

Какой диапазон концентрации лития в сыворотке обычно называют поддерживающим терапевтическим?

1. AОколо 0,6–1,2 mmol/L (целевые диапазоны различаются в разных рекомендациях)
2. BОколо 3,5–5,0 mmol/L
3. CОколо 2,0–3,0 mmol/L (более высокие уровни нужны при острой мании)
4. DОколо 0,01–0,05 mmol/L

The wife of a man with alcohol dependence organises her life around his drinking, hides it from others and neglects her own needs. What does this pattern suggest?

1. ADelirium tremens
2. BEnabling by the healthcare team
3. CCodependency
4. DLearned helplessness in the patient

Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepine sedation. Why is it used with caution in patients who take benzodiazepines long-term?

1. AIt causes permanent memory loss after a single dose
2. BIt makes the benzodiazepine effect much stronger
3. CIt can cause sudden withdrawal and seizures
4. DIt causes a dangerous rise in blood sugar

A patient with long-standing schizophrenia is often seen drinking from the taps. Today he is confused, has a headache and his serum sodium is 124 mmol/L (124 mEq/L). What is the most likely problem?

1. AA worsening of his psychosis that needs a higher dose of antipsychotic
2. BDehydration caused by anticholinergic side effects
3. CNeuroleptic malignant syndrome from his antipsychotic medicine
4. DWater intoxication from psychogenic polydipsia

A patient taking naltrexone for alcohol dependence is brought to the emergency department with a broken leg. Why should the nurse tell the team about the naltrexone?

1. ANaltrexone blocks opioid analgesics, so pain relief needs to be planned differently
2. BNaltrexone causes broken bones to heal more slowly
3. CNaltrexone makes opioids much stronger, so smaller doses must be used
4. DIt is not relevant, because naltrexone only affects the way the body responds to alcohol