Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which chromosome pattern causes Turner syndrome?

1. AAn extra X chromosome (47,XXY) in a boy
2. BAn extra copy of chromosome 21
3. CAn extra copy of chromosome 18
4. DA single X chromosome (45,X) in a girl

What is the main feature of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in a child?

1. AA high red cell count with headache and flushing
2. BA low white cell count with repeated infections
3. CA low platelet count with bruising and petechiae
4. DA missing clotting factor with bleeding into joints

Where does neuroblastoma most often start?

1. AIn the adrenal gland
2. BIn the white matter of the brain
3. CIn the lining of the bladder
4. DIn the bone marrow of the pelvis

What is the main purpose of medical play with a doll and real equipment before surgery?

1. ATo keep the child busy so the nurse can do other work
2. BTo let the child express fears and gain a sense of control
3. CTo test the child's intelligence
4. DTo teach the child how the surgeons will do the operation

A 13-year-old with scoliosis has been prescribed a brace. Which teaching is most important?

1. AWear it for the prescribed hours each day, with a thin cotton shirt underneath
2. BWear it over thick clothing to make it more comfortable
3. CWear it only at weekends and in the holidays, when it does not interfere with school
4. DWear it only when the back hurts, then take it off

A child weighs 20 kg. Which minimum urine output suggests adequate kidney perfusion?

1. AAbout 20 mL per hour
2. BAbout 5 mL per hour
3. CAny amount, as long as the child is drinking
4. DAbout 2 mL per hour

A child has had many hospital admissions with unexplained symptoms. They occur only when the mother is present and stop when the child is apart from her. What should the nurse consider?

1. AFabricated or induced illness; follow safeguarding procedures
2. BThe child is pretending to be ill to avoid school
3. CThe ward environment or hospital food is causing the symptoms
4. DA rare genetic disorder that needs more tests at once

A child with extensive burns is receiving IV fluid resuscitation. Which finding best shows that fluid replacement is adequate?

1. AThe burned skin looks less red and the blisters are smaller
2. BThe child is asking for a drink
3. CThe blood pressure is in the high range
4. DA urine output of about 1 mL/kg per hour