Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

How is congenital hypothyroidism treated?

1. ARemoval of the thyroid gland in infancy
2. BDaily levothyroxine, usually for life
3. CAn iodine-free diet from birth
4. DA single dose of radioactive iodine

Which pattern is typical of roseola infantum?

1. AItchy blisters in crops that crust over within days
2. BHigh fever for a few days, then a pink rash as the fever settles
3. CA rash that appears first, followed by a whole week of high fever and cough
4. DA bright red rash on both cheeks, like a slap

At about what age can most children hop on one foot?

1. AAbout 4 years
2. BAbout 18 months
3. CAbout 8 years
4. DAbout 2 years

Какое лечение обычно применяют у ребёнка с крупом средней тяжести?

1. AФизиотерапию грудной клетки
2. BПротивокашлевое средство
3. CОднократную дозу перорального кортикостероида, например дексаметазона
4. DКурс пероральных антибиотиков, например амоксициллина, на 5–7 дней

Which advice is first-line for a school-age child with functional constipation?

1. ADaily enemas given at home by the parents for several months, without other changes
2. BCutting out all fruit and vegetables to soften the stools
3. CMore fibre and fluids, a regular toilet time after meals and laxatives if prescribed
4. DAvoiding the toilet at school until the problem has settled

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. AAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not
2. BOffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
3. CWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late
4. DTell him he is a bad boy for refusing

The safe dose range of a drug is 25–50 mg/kg per day, divided every 8 hours. A 12 kg child is prescribed 250 mg every 8 hours. What should the nurse do?

1. AContact the prescriber, because 750 mg a day is above the maximum of 600 mg
2. BGive the dose, because 250 mg is within the range for a single dose
3. CGive half the dose and inform the prescriber at the next round
4. DGive the dose, because the minimum safe daily dose is 300 mg

У ребёнка раннего возраста с крупом теперь стридор в покое, он возбуждён и выражены втяжения грудной клетки. Что является приоритетом?

1. AСрочно вызвать врача; это тяжёлый круп, который может потребовать небулизированного эпинефрина
2. BОсмотреть горло шпателем, чтобы найти причину шумного дыхания
3. CУложить ребёнка плашмя отдохнуть
4. DОтправить ребёнка домой с лекарством от кашля