Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Каков общий совет относительно автокресел, обращённых против хода движения, для маленьких детей?

1. AКресла, обращённые назад, нужны только для новорождённых
2. BПеревозить ребёнка лицом назад как можно дольше в пределах ограничений кресла по росту и массе
3. CРазвернуть кресло вперёд, как только ребёнок сможет сидеть без опоры, независимо от его массы
4. DРазвернуть кресло вперёд в 6 месяцев для всех детей

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes in children?

1. AInsulin resistance caused mainly by obesity and inactivity
2. BAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells
3. CA lack of glucagon from the alpha cells of the pancreas
4. DToo much insulin being produced by an overactive pancreas

Which food is a good source of iron for a toddler?

1. ALean red meat or iron-fortified cereal
2. BPlain white rice and pasta
3. CLarge amounts of cow's milk
4. DApple juice with every meal

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant) on a children's ward?

1. AMeasuring and recording the vital signs of a stable child
2. BCarrying out the admission assessment of a new patient
3. CTeaching a parent how to give insulin injections
4. DAssessing pain after surgery and choosing the analgesia

Как давать раствор для пероральной регидратации ребёнку с лёгким или умеренным обезвоживанием, у которого рвота?

1. AСмешав с фруктовым соком для улучшения вкуса
2. BНебольшими порциями, часто, например ложкой или шприцем
3. CОдним большим питьём раз в несколько часов
4. DТолько после того, как рвота прекратилась на 24 часа, чтобы избежать дополнительных потерь

Which stool pattern is typical of Hirschsprung disease in an older child?

1. ANormal stools with occasional itching around the anus at night
2. BChronic constipation with thin, ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools and distension
3. CFrequent bloody diarrhoea with fever after eating chicken
4. DPale, bulky, fatty stools that float and are hard to flush, with a large appetite

A 3-month-old has large, flat, blue-grey patches over the lower back and buttocks. The parents say they have been there since birth. What is the best action?

1. ARequest urgent clotting tests and a full blood count to look for a bleeding disorder
2. BReport them straight away to the safeguarding team as suspected physical abuse
3. CApply cold packs several times a day to reduce the discoloration
4. DDocument them with size and location as congenital dermal melanocytosis (Mongolian spots)

A 15-year-old in traction for a femur fracture is withdrawn and irritable. Which intervention best fits his developmental stage?

1. AMove him to a room with toddlers so the ward is less lonely
2. BSet a strict timetable for him that staff decide without his input
3. CArrange contact with friends and let him control parts of his daily routine
4. DAsk his parents to stay with him at all times and make decisions for him