Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which chromosome pattern causes Turner syndrome?

1. AAn extra copy of chromosome 21
2. BA single X chromosome (45,X) in a girl
3. CAn extra X chromosome (47,XXY) in a boy
4. DAn extra copy of chromosome 18

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AInfection with rubella in early pregnancy
2. BA missing X chromosome in a girl
3. CA single gene inherited from both carrier parents
4. DAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)

Why do girls taking isotretinoin for severe acne need strict pregnancy prevention?

1. AIt causes serious birth defects
2. BIt makes contraceptive pills fail
3. CIt stops ovulation permanently
4. DIt causes heavy periods

A child with type 1 diabetes has a stomach bug and is eating very little. What is the correct advice about insulin?

1. AStop all insulin until the child is eating normally again, then restart at the usual dose
2. BGive insulin only if the child is vomiting
3. CGive double the usual insulin to prevent ketones
4. DKeep giving insulin, check glucose and ketones more often and follow the sick-day plan

Which signs suggest hypoglycaemia in a young child with diabetes?

1. AA slow onset of dry skin and flushed cheeks over several days
2. BDeep, rapid breathing with abdominal pain and vomiting
3. CShakiness, sweating, pallor and a sudden change in behaviour
4. DThirst, passing large amounts of urine and a fruity breath smell

An infant with heart failure is treated with furosemide. Which blood result is most important to monitor?

1. APlatelet count
2. BSerum bilirubin
3. CSerum amylase and lipase
4. DSerum potassium

6-месячный ребёнок в сознании подавился и не может плакать или кашлять. Какой приём уместен?

1. AДо 5 ударов по спине с последующими до 5 толчками в грудную клетку
2. BДержать ребёнка вниз головой за лодыжки и трясти
3. CОчистка рта пальцем вслепую
4. DАбдоминальные толчки

A 9-year-old with Down syndrome has new neck pain, clumsy walking and changes in bladder control. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe normal low muscle tone of Down syndrome getting worse with age
2. BAtlantoaxial instability with spinal cord compression
3. CA simple urinary infection causing tiredness
4. DGrowing pains in the legs