Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which finding inside the mouth is typical of early measles?

1. AKoplik spots: small white spots on the inside of the cheeks
2. BPainful blisters on the tongue, gums and palate
3. CA thick white coating on the tongue and cheeks that can be wiped off
4. DA bright red "strawberry" tongue with large papillae

Какова, по Эриксону, задача развития подросткового возраста?

1. AАвтономия против стыда и сомнения
2. BЦелостность против отчаяния
3. CТрудолюбие против неполноценности
4. DИдентичность против путаницы ролей

What is Gowers' sign?

1. AUsing the hands to "walk up" the legs to stand up from the floor
2. BFanning of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked
3. CFlexing the hips and knees when the neck is bent forward by the examiner
4. DA sudden startle with the arms flung outwards

Which finding suggests repeated self-induced vomiting?

1. ACalluses on the knuckles and loss of tooth enamel
2. BA butterfly rash on the cheeks and patchy hair loss
3. CSwelling of the ankles and puffy eyes
4. DYellow skin, itching and dark urine

How can acute rheumatic fever be prevented?

1. ABy giving aspirin for every fever
2. BBy prompt antibiotic treatment of streptococcal sore throat
3. CBy avoiding dairy products and cold drinks during every cold or cough
4. DBy routine MMR vaccination in infancy

Which diet is usually advised for a child with nephrotic syndrome while there is oedema?

1. AA protein-free diet to rest the kidneys completely
2. BA high-salt diet to replace losses in the urine
3. CNo added salt
4. DA carbohydrate-free diet to reduce fluid retention

The nurse has taught the parents of a child with epilepsy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll time the seizure and give the rescue medicine if it lasts too long."
2. B"I'll move hard objects away and put something soft under his head."
3. C"When the jerking stops, I'll turn him onto his side."
4. D"I'll put a spoon in his mouth so he doesn't bite or swallow his tongue."

A child has suspected septic shock. Which action is the most time-critical?

1. AStarting antibiotics after the fever has been present for 24 hours
2. BGiving IV antibiotics as soon as possible, ideally within the first hour
3. CWaiting for the blood culture results before starting any antibiotic treatment
4. DGiving oral antibiotics and reviewing the child again in the morning