Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Какой симптом типичен для крупа?

1. AЗвук «репризы» после приступов кашля
2. BСлюнотечение и невозможность глотать
3. CЛающий кашель, похожий на лай тюленя
4. DСвистящее дыхание только на выдохе

At about what age can most infants sit steadily without support?

1. AAbout 12 to 15 months
2. BAbout 18 to 24 months
3. CAbout 6 to 8 months
4. DAbout 2 to 3 months

According to Erikson, what is the developmental task of the preschool child (about 3 to 6 years)?

1. ATrust versus mistrust
2. BIndustry versus inferiority
3. CIntimacy versus isolation
4. DInitiative versus guilt

How can the nurse best support a child with autism on a children's ward?

1. AChange the nurse each shift so the child meets more people
2. BPlace the child in the busiest bay near the nurses' station
3. CExplain all procedures only at the very last minute to avoid days of worry
4. DKeep routines predictable, reduce noise and use visual schedules

A baby with developmental dysplasia of the hip has a Pavlik harness. Which teaching is correct?

1. ATighten the straps each week as the baby grows
2. BKeep it on as instructed, do not adjust the straps and check the skin daily
3. CTake it off every night so the baby can sleep more comfortably and move freely
4. DApply powder and lotion under the straps to protect the skin

Which instruction about preparing powdered infant formula is correct?

1. AWarm bottles in the microwave, as long as they are shaken first
2. BAdd an extra scoop of powder to each bottle to help a small baby gain weight faster
3. CFollow the stated water-to-powder ratio exactly and do not warm bottles in a microwave
4. DAdd extra water in hot weather so the baby gets more fluid

A baby born at 28 weeks is now 6 months old. He is not yet sitting without support. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. AMilestones are judged by corrected age, here about 3 months, so this is expected
2. BHe is clearly delayed and needs urgent neurological referral
3. CMilestones are always judged by chronological age, so he is 3 months behind
4. DPreterm babies never reach normal milestones, so no follow-up is needed

У ребёнка с муковисцидозом объёмный жирный зловонный стул, и он не набирает массу несмотря на хороший аппетит. О чём это, скорее всего, говорит?

1. AО том, что ребёнок ест слишком много жиров, поэтому все жиры нужно исключить из рациона
2. BО плохом всасывании жиров; нужно пересмотреть дозу или время приёма панкреатических ферментов
3. CО нормальной находке, не требующей действий
4. DО признаке улучшения состояния лёгких