Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which five signs make up the Apgar score?

1. AHeart rate, breathing effort, muscle tone, reflex response and colour
2. BOxygen saturation, temperature, reflexes, weight and feeding
3. CHeart rate, blood pressure, temperature, weight and colour
4. DBreathing rate, blood glucose, length, muscle tone and cry

What is the main purpose of supervised "tummy time" for babies who are awake?

1. ATo strengthen neck, shoulder and arm muscles and help prevent a flat head
2. BTo help the baby sleep for longer periods at night
3. CTo improve digestion and reduce colic and wind after every feed of the day
4. DTo reduce the risk of sudden infant death during sleep

Which asthma medicine is a reliever for quick relief of symptoms?

1. ASalbutamol (albuterol)
2. BFluticasone inhaled twice daily as a preventer
3. CMontelukast tablets taken once a day at night
4. DAn inhaled corticosteroid taken every morning

How does hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) help children with sickle cell disease?

1. AIt increases fetal haemoglobin, which reduces sickling
2. BIt removes extra iron after blood transfusions
3. CIt replaces the missing clotting factors
4. DIt kills bacteria in the blood and prevents infections

Which drink is best for a child with mild dehydration from gastroenteritis?

1. AOral rehydration solution
2. BUndiluted apple juice
3. CSports drinks
4. DCola or other fizzy drinks

When is airway clearance (chest physiotherapy) best done for a child with cystic fibrosis?

1. AStraight after a large meal, when the child has more energy
2. BOnly at bedtime, lying flat after the evening meal
3. CBefore meals, or well after eating
4. DOnly on days when the child has a fever

The parents of a 9-year-old who wets the bed most nights have been punishing him. What is the best advice?

1. AWake him every hour through the night and make him change his own sheets
2. BStop punishing him, praise dry nights and consider a bedwetting alarm
3. CStop all drinks after lunch and keep him in nappies
4. DWait, as no help is available until he is a teenager

Five minutes after IM adrenaline for anaphylaxis, a child is still wheezing and has a low blood pressure. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive an oral antihistamine and a steroid instead of more adrenaline
2. BSit the child up and walk her around to raise the blood pressure
3. CWait 30 minutes for the first dose of adrenaline to take its full effect
4. DGive a further dose of IM adrenaline as per protocol and call for advanced help