Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

К какому возрасту обычно закрывается малый (задний) родничок?

1. AК примерно 2 месяцам
2. BК примерно 12 месяцам
3. CК примерно 3 годам
4. DК примерно 18 месяцам

When can a child stop using a booster seat in the car?

1. AAs soon as the child can fasten the seat belt alone
2. BWhen the adult seat belt fits properly across the shoulder and upper thighs
3. CAt 4 years of age, whatever the child's height
4. DWhen the child starts primary school and can sit still for a whole journey

Which congenital heart defect causes cyanosis?

1. ATransposition of the great arteries
2. BSmall ventricular septal defect with a left-to-right shunt
3. CAtrial septal defect
4. DPatent ductus arteriosus

A family has a 2-year-old. Which advice about medicines at home is best?

1. ALock all medicines away, out of reach and sight, in child-resistant containers
2. BKeep daily medicines in a handbag so they are always at hand
3. CCall medicines "sweets" so the child is happy to take them
4. DRely on child-resistant caps alone, since toddlers are not strong enough to open them

A child has just spilled hot tea on his arm. What is the correct first aid?

1. ASpread butter or toothpaste on the burn
2. BBurst any blisters to let the heat out
3. CCool the burn under cool running water for about 20 minutes
4. DHold ice directly on the burn for about an hour to stop the pain

Which advice is first-line for a school-age child with functional constipation?

1. AAvoiding the toilet at school until the problem has settled
2. BMore fibre and fluids, a regular toilet time after meals and laxatives if prescribed
3. CDaily enemas given at home by the parents for several months, without other changes
4. DCutting out all fruit and vegetables to soften the stools

The nurse has taught the parents of a newborn about safe sleep. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Nobody will smoke in the house or in the car."
2. B"We will keep her cot in our bedroom for the first months."
3. C"We will put a soft bumper and a pillow in the cot so she is comfortable."
4. D"We will put her on her back for every sleep, including naps."

A child with extensive burns is receiving IV fluid resuscitation. Which finding best shows that fluid replacement is adequate?

1. AA urine output of about 1 mL/kg per hour
2. BThe blood pressure is in the high range
3. CThe burned skin looks less red and the blisters are smaller
4. DThe child is asking for a drink