Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Why is vitamin K given to newborns shortly after birth?

1. ATo prevent bacterial eye infection after birth
2. BTo prevent jaundice in the first week of life
3. CTo protect against hepatitis B infection
4. DTo prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding

Which four features make up tetralogy of Fallot?

1. AASD, aortic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus and left ventricular hypertrophy
2. BPatent ductus arteriosus, VSD, ASD and transposition of the great arteries
3. CVSD, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy
4. DVSD, mitral stenosis, coarctation of the aorta and an enlarged left atrium

What is the HEADSS (or HEEADSSS) assessment used for?

1. AA screening test for newborn hearing before discharge
2. BA scale for scoring dehydration in infants
3. CA pain score for children who cannot speak
4. DA structured psychosocial interview with adolescents

Ребёнку с известной аллергией на яйца пора сделать вакцину против гриппа. Какое утверждение отражает самые современные рекомендации?

1. AРебёнку сначала нужна кожная проба с вакциной
2. BРебёнку нужно вводить половину дозы в два разных дня с наблюдением после каждого введения
3. CОдна лишь аллергия на яйца, как правило, больше не является причиной отказа от вакцинации против гриппа
4. DВакцину нельзя вводить никому с аллергией на яйца

Which factors can trigger a sickle cell crisis?

1. ADrinking plenty of water during hot weather
2. BDehydration, infection, cold and low oxygen
3. CSleeping for long periods in a warm room
4. DEating a high-iron diet and taking daily multivitamins

Which finding suggests repeated self-induced vomiting?

1. AYellow skin, itching and dark urine
2. BSwelling of the ankles and puffy eyes
3. CA butterfly rash on the cheeks and patchy hair loss
4. DCalluses on the knuckles and loss of tooth enamel

A 25 kg child needs maintenance IV fluids. Using the 100–50–20 rule, what is the hourly rate?

1. AAbout 25 mL per hour
2. BAbout 67 mL per hour
3. CAbout 50 mL per hour
4. DAbout 104 mL per hour

How is pain best assessed in a 10-year-old with severe cerebral palsy who cannot speak?

1. APain cannot be assessed, so analgesia is given only on request
2. BWith a 0–10 numerical scale, by asking the child to point to a number on a printed chart
3. COnly by checking whether the heart rate is above normal
4. DWith a behavioural tool such as revised FLACC, using the parents' knowledge of usual cues