Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

How is sickle cell disease inherited?

1. ANot inherited; it is acquired
2. BAutosomal recessive
3. CX-linked recessive
4. DAutosomal dominant

According to Erikson, what is the developmental task of the preschool child (about 3 to 6 years)?

1. ATrust versus mistrust
2. BInitiative versus guilt
3. CIndustry versus inferiority
4. DIntimacy versus isolation

How is congenital clubfoot (talipes equinovarus) usually treated first?

1. AMassage alone, with no casts or braces
2. BSpecial shoes worn only at night from age 5
3. CWaiting until school age and then operating on the bones of the foot
4. DGentle manipulation and serial casting (the Ponseti method)

Why do young children with sickle cell disease usually take daily penicillin?

1. ASickle cells make the child allergic to most other antibiotics
2. BPenicillin prevents pain crises in cold weather
3. CPenicillin stops red cells from changing shape
4. DPoor spleen function puts them at high risk of pneumococcal infection

A child's tonic–clonic seizure has lasted more than 5 minutes. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait another 15 minutes, because most seizures stop on their own
2. BHold the child's arms and legs firmly to stop the movements
3. CGive the prescribed rescue medicine and call for emergency help
4. DPut a tongue depressor between the child's teeth

Какое лечение обычно применяют у ребёнка с крупом средней тяжести?

1. AКурс пероральных антибиотиков, например амоксициллина, на 5–7 дней
2. BОднократную дозу перорального кортикостероида, например дексаметазона
3. CПротивокашлевое средство
4. DФизиотерапию грудной клетки

Newborn screening shows congenital hypothyroidism. The parents ask why a baby who looks well needs treatment. What is the best answer?

1. AThe baby will develop diabetes if the thyroid is not treated now
2. BThe baby could pass the condition to other children in the family
3. CTreatment is only cosmetic, to prevent a swollen neck (goitre) developing later in childhood
4. DWithout early treatment it can cause lasting learning disability and poor growth

A mother says her 3-month-old broke his thigh bone by crawling off the bed. What should concern the nurse?

1. AThigh fractures are common in young infants with soft bones
2. BThe fracture is too small to need treatment and will heal by itself
3. CBabies of this age often crawl and fall
4. DThe explanation does not fit the baby's stage of development