Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which practice most increases the risk of early childhood tooth decay?

1. ABrushing the teeth with a smear of fluoride toothpaste
2. BHaving a first dental visit by about the first birthday
3. CPutting a baby to bed with a bottle of milk or juice
4. DOffering water to drink between meals

У ребёнка, которому пора вакцинироваться, лёгкая простуда и температура 37,8 °C. Каков общий принцип?

1. AЛёгкое заболевание не является причиной откладывать вакцинацию
2. BРебёнок должен сначала принять антибиотики
3. CВакцинацию нужно отложить на 4 недели, пока ребёнок не выздоровеет
4. DРебёнок должен получить только половину дозы

В каком возрасте большинство детей начинают ходить без опоры?

1. AОколо 6 месяцев
2. BОколо 3 лет
3. CОколо 2 лет у большинства детей, в типичном диапазоне от 18 до 30 месяцев
4. DОколо 12 месяцев, в типичном диапазоне примерно от 9 до 15 месяцев

A 13-year-old with scoliosis has been prescribed a brace. Which teaching is most important?

1. AWear it only when the back hurts, then take it off
2. BWear it for the prescribed hours each day, with a thin cotton shirt underneath
3. CWear it only at weekends and in the holidays, when it does not interfere with school
4. DWear it over thick clothing to make it more comfortable

Which instruction about preparing powdered infant formula is correct?

1. AWarm bottles in the microwave, as long as they are shaken first
2. BAdd extra water in hot weather so the baby gets more fluid
3. CAdd an extra scoop of powder to each bottle to help a small baby gain weight faster
4. DFollow the stated water-to-powder ratio exactly and do not warm bottles in a microwave

Why should a child with rubella avoid contact with pregnant women?

1. AThe child may catch a pregnancy-related infection
2. BPregnant women always develop severe pneumonia if they catch rubella
3. CRubella in early pregnancy can cause serious birth defects
4. DRubella causes pregnant women to go into labour early

An infant with heart failure is breathing fast and working hard. Which position helps most?

1. AProne with the head turned to the side
2. BSemi-upright, with the head and chest raised
3. CLying flat on the left side only
4. DFlat on the back with the legs raised

Five minutes after IM adrenaline for anaphylaxis, a child is still wheezing and has a low blood pressure. What should the nurse do?

1. ASit the child up and walk her around to raise the blood pressure
2. BGive an oral antihistamine and a steroid instead of more adrenaline
3. CGive a further dose of IM adrenaline as per protocol and call for advanced help
4. DWait 30 minutes for the first dose of adrenaline to take its full effect