Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Using the common 100–50–20 rule, what is the daily maintenance fluid requirement for a 10 kg child?

1. A1000 mL per day
2. B500 mL per day
3. C2000 mL per day
4. D1500 mL per day

How is congenital clubfoot (talipes equinovarus) usually treated first?

1. AMassage alone, with no casts or braces
2. BWaiting until school age and then operating on the bones of the foot
3. CGentle manipulation and serial casting (the Ponseti method)
4. DSpecial shoes worn only at night from age 5

How deep should chest compressions be during CPR on a child?

1. AJust enough to see the chest move slightly
2. BAt least one third of the depth of the chest
3. CAbout one tenth of the depth of the chest
4. DAs deep as possible, until the ribs can be felt to give

How should an infant with heart failure be fed?

1. ASmall, frequent feeds with rest breaks, using higher-energy milk if prescribed
2. BStop the feed when the baby tires and wait until the next scheduled feed
3. CLying flat on the back so the baby does not need to hold the head up
4. DLarge feeds every 6 hours so the baby can rest in between

What is a normal capillary refill time in a child?

1. A2 seconds or less
2. B15 to 20 seconds
3. C8 to 10 seconds
4. D5 seconds or less

How can acute rheumatic fever be prevented?

1. ABy prompt antibiotic treatment of streptococcal sore throat
2. BBy giving aspirin for every fever
3. CBy routine MMR vaccination in infancy
4. DBy avoiding dairy products and cold drinks during every cold or cough

A 15-year-old in traction for a femur fracture is withdrawn and irritable. Which intervention best fits his developmental stage?

1. AAsk his parents to stay with him at all times and make decisions for him
2. BMove him to a room with toddlers so the ward is less lonely
3. CArrange contact with friends and let him control parts of his daily routine
4. DSet a strict timetable for him that staff decide without his input

The parent of a child on chemotherapy calls to say the child has a temperature of 38,5 °C (101,3 °F). What is the correct advice?

1. AWait until the next clinic visit, as fever is common
2. BBring the child to hospital straight away for assessment and IV antibiotics
3. CGive a cool bath and keep the child at home
4. DGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and call back if the fever lasts more than 2 days