Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Which congenital heart defect causes cyanosis?

1. APatent ductus arteriosus
2. BSmall ventricular septal defect with a left-to-right shunt
3. CTransposition of the great arteries
4. DAtrial septal defect

Which factors increase the risk of retinopathy of prematurity?

1. ABeing born by caesarean section at term
2. BVery preterm birth and exposure to high oxygen levels
3. CBeing born after 42 weeks with a large birth weight
4. DPhototherapy for jaundice given without the use of eye shields

Why are breastfed infants often given a vitamin D supplement?

1. AVitamin D prevents iron-deficiency anaemia
2. BBreast milk contains little vitamin D
3. CVitamin D prevents newborn jaundice
4. DBreast milk contains too little protein for growth

A family has a 2-year-old. Which advice about medicines at home is best?

1. ACall medicines "sweets" so the child is happy to take them
2. BKeep daily medicines in a handbag so they are always at hand
3. CLock all medicines away, out of reach and sight, in child-resistant containers
4. DRely on child-resistant caps alone, since toddlers are not strong enough to open them

A 13-year-old with scoliosis has been prescribed a brace. Which teaching is most important?

1. AWear it over thick clothing to make it more comfortable
2. BWear it for the prescribed hours each day, with a thin cotton shirt underneath
3. CWear it only when the back hurts, then take it off
4. DWear it only at weekends and in the holidays, when it does not interfere with school

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. AOffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
2. BTell him he is a bad boy for refusing
3. CWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late
4. DAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not

Which child is most appropriate to assign to a practical (enrolled) nurse?

1. AA 9-year-old newly admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis on an insulin infusion
2. BA 5-year-old just back from tonsillectomy who keeps swallowing
3. CA 7-year-old 2 days after an appendicectomy, stable on oral analgesia
4. DAn infant with bronchiolitis who needs more and more oxygen

A 6-year-old has threadworms. Which plan is correct?

1. ATreat the whole household, with hand washing, short nails and a morning wash
2. BThrow away all the child's clothes and bedding
3. CTreat only if the child also has a fever
4. DTreat only the child and keep him off school for two weeks until the itching settles