Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

How deep should chest compressions be during CPR on a child?

1. AAt least one third of the depth of the chest
2. BAs deep as possible, until the ribs can be felt to give
3. CJust enough to see the chest move slightly
4. DAbout one tenth of the depth of the chest

Why do girls taking isotretinoin for severe acne need strict pregnancy prevention?

1. AIt stops ovulation permanently
2. BIt causes heavy periods
3. CIt makes contraceptive pills fail
4. DIt causes serious birth defects

Which hygiene advice helps prevent urinary tract infections in girls?

1. AWear tight nylon underwear and leggings
2. BTake a long bubble bath every evening before bed
3. CHold urine in for as long as possible
4. DWipe from front to back after using the toilet

What is the purpose of grommets (tympanostomy tubes) in a child with repeated middle ear problems?

1. ATo widen the outer ear canal and reduce the build-up of wax
2. BTo replace the damaged eardrum permanently
3. CTo ventilate the middle ear and let fluid drain
4. DTo give antibiotics directly into the inner ear

Why is hearing screening done in the newborn period?

1. AEarly detection allows support that protects language development
2. BTo check whether the baby will need glasses later in childhood
3. CTo diagnose ear infections before discharge
4. DBecause hearing loss always causes balance problems

Using the 100–50–20 rule, what is the daily maintenance fluid requirement for a 15 kg child?

1. A750 mL per day
2. B1250 mL per day
3. C1500 mL per day
4. D1000 mL per day

Newborn screening shows congenital hypothyroidism. The parents ask why a baby who looks well needs treatment. What is the best answer?

1. ATreatment is only cosmetic, to prevent a swollen neck (goitre) developing later in childhood
2. BThe baby will develop diabetes if the thyroid is not treated now
3. CWithout early treatment it can cause lasting learning disability and poor growth
4. DThe baby could pass the condition to other children in the family

Which finding at a 6-month check most needs referral?

1. AThe baby is wary of a stranger
2. BThe baby puts every toy and object into the mouth
3. CThe baby is not crawling yet
4. DThe baby does not turn towards sounds or voices