Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

Why do children with long-standing cyanotic heart disease develop a high red blood cell count (polycythaemia)?

1. ABecause the heart makes red blood cells
2. BBecause of too much iron in the diet
3. CBecause the spleen stops working
4. DTo compensate for chronic hypoxia

What is Gowers' sign?

1. AA sudden startle with the arms flung outwards
2. BFlexing the hips and knees when the neck is bent forward by the examiner
3. CFanning of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked
4. DUsing the hands to "walk up" the legs to stand up from the floor

Which pattern is typical of roseola infantum?

1. AHigh fever for a few days, then a pink rash as the fever settles
2. BA rash that appears first, followed by a whole week of high fever and cough
3. CItchy blisters in crops that crust over within days
4. DA bright red rash on both cheeks, like a slap

A newborn is still wet a few minutes after birth. Which heat-loss mechanism is the main concern, and how is it prevented?

1. AConduction; place the baby on a cold firm surface
2. BEvaporation; dry the baby straight away, including the head
3. CConvection; leave the baby uncovered in a draught
4. DRadiation; move the cot close to an outside window

Which measure should be avoided in a sickle cell pain crisis?

1. ACold packs on the painful area
2. BRegular pain assessment and analgesia
3. CWarm packs and gentle positioning
4. DGenerous fluids by mouth or IV

Какая находка указывает на дисплазию тазобедренных суставов у младенца?

1. AАсимметричные кожные складки бёдер или ягодиц и ограниченное отведение бедра
2. BОдинаковая длина ног, симметричные кожные складки и полное свободное отведение обоих бёдер
3. CО-образные ноги у ребёнка раннего возраста
4. DЛающий кашель

In England, a 15-year-old asks a nurse for contraception and does not want her parents told. Which principle applies?

1. AContraception may only be given once she reaches the age of 18
2. BShe can never receive contraception without written consent from a parent
3. CShe may consent herself if judged competent (Gillick and Fraser)
4. DThe nurse must inform her parents and her school straight away

After hypospadias repair, a toddler has a urinary catheter. Which nursing action has priority?

1. ARemove the dressing on the first day to check the wound
2. BLimit fluids for the first days so that less urine passes over the repair
3. CKeep the catheter draining freely and check for kinks or blockage
4. DClamp the catheter for a few hours to train the bladder