Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

What is the cause of Hirschsprung disease?

1. AThickening of the muscle at the outlet of the stomach
2. BOne part of the bowel telescoping into the next part
3. CInflammation of the bowel lining after a viral infection
4. DMissing nerve (ganglion) cells in part of the bowel

Согласно атравматичному уходу, где следует проводить болезненную процедуру, например взятие крови?

1. AВ постели ребёнка, чтобы ему не нужно было двигаться
2. BВ комнате ожидания на глазах у других детей
3. CВ процедурном кабинете, а не в постели ребёнка
4. DВ игровой комнате, чтобы ребёнок чувствовал себя расслабленно

How should jaundice that first appears within the first 24 hours of life be regarded?

1. AAs normal physiological jaundice that needs no follow-up
2. BAs harmless as long as the baby is feeding well
3. CAs breast milk jaundice that is best treated by stopping breastfeeding
4. DAs pathological until proven otherwise; it needs prompt evaluation

If the MMR and varicella vaccines are not given on the same day, what is the general rule?

1. ASeparate them by at least 4 weeks
2. BNever give both vaccines in the same year
3. CGive the second within 24 hours of the first
4. DSeparate them by at least 1 week

How is amblyopia (lazy eye) commonly treated in young children?

1. AWaiting until adulthood, when surgery can correct it
2. BPatching the weaker eye so that it can rest and recover
3. CPatching or blurring the stronger eye so the weaker eye works harder
4. DEye exercises alone, without any glasses, drops or patches

Which is the main modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes in adolescents?

1. AA family history of diabetes
2. BBeing of a particular ethnic background
3. CObesity with low physical activity
4. DA viral infection in early childhood

A 12-year-old with asthma has been prescribed a preventer inhaler (inhaled corticosteroid) to take every day. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I stop taking my preventer inhaler whenever I've had a few good days."
2. B"I use my spacer with my inhaler, even at school."
3. C"I rinse my mouth after using my preventer inhaler."
4. D"I carry my reliever inhaler with me everywhere I go."

A sexually active 17-year-old has no symptoms and asks why chlamydia testing is offered. What is the best answer?

1. ATesting is required by law before any young person can see a nurse or doctor for any reason
2. BChlamydia always causes severe pain, so testing is only a formality
3. CChlamydia often causes no symptoms but can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility
4. DChlamydia can only be caught from shared towels and toilet seats