Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis in a child?

1. AOral paracetamol (acetaminophen)
2. BAn oral antihistamine
3. CIM adrenaline (epinephrine)
4. DAn inhaled corticosteroid via a spacer

Which statement about head lice is correct?

1. AThey only affect children with dirty hair who do not wash it often
2. BThey spread by head-to-head contact and are not a sign of poor hygiene
3. CThey jump or fly from one child to another across the classroom
4. DThey mainly live on pets and pass to children from dogs and cats

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. ATheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal
2. BTheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults
3. CThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear
4. DTheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes

Which diet is usually recommended for a child with cystic fibrosis?

1. AA low-fat diet to reduce greasy stools and abdominal pain
2. BA low-protein diet to reduce the work of the pancreas
3. CA high-energy, high-fat diet with fat-soluble vitamin supplements
4. DA low-salt diet to protect the heart and kidneys from damage later in life

How should a parent respond to a 2-year-old's temper tantrum in a safe place?

1. ASmack the child to show that tantrums are not allowed
2. BStay calm, keep the child safe and do not give in to the demand
3. CGive the child the sweet he wants so the tantrum stops
4. DShout loudly at the child to make the tantrum stop sooner

How should anti-sickness medicine be given to a child receiving chemotherapy that often causes vomiting?

1. AOnly if the child asks for it
2. BOnly after the child has already vomited at least twice
3. COnly at night, when the child is asleep
4. DBefore the chemotherapy starts and then regularly

An infant with a large VSD now breathes faster, sweats during feeds and has gained 300 g overnight with puffy eyelids. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AWorsening heart failure with fluid retention
2. BAn allergic reaction to the new high-energy formula started yesterday
3. CDehydration due to sweating during feeds
4. DGood growth thanks to improved feeding

6-летнему ребёнку назначен кодеин от боли после тонзиллэктомии. Что должна сделать медсестра?

1. AДать, потому что кодеин безопасен для всех детей
2. BПоставить назначение под сомнение и обсудить с назначившим врачом, прежде чем давать
3. CРастолочь и добавить в молоко ребёнку, никому не говоря
4. DДать двойную дозу, потому что это слабый опиоид