Сестринское дело в педиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

For which child is a 0 to 10 numerical pain rating scale usually suitable?

1. AA newborn after a heel prick
2. BA child of about 8 years or older
3. CA 2-year-old with a recent fracture
4. DA 3-year-old who cannot yet count

What is the Ortolani test used to detect in a newborn?

1. ADevelopmental dysplasia of the hip
2. BHearing loss
3. CCongenital heart disease
4. DClubfoot (talipes)

Which finding in the fingers is typical of long-standing cyanotic heart disease?

1. AWebbing between the fingers
2. BSwan-neck deformity of the fingers
3. CSpoon-shaped, thin nails
4. DClubbing of the fingertips

How should the nurse measure the heart rate of a 9-month-old?

1. ACount the radial pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4
2. BRead it from the pulse oximeter only
3. CCount the carotid pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2
4. DCount the apical pulse for a full minute

Which finding suggests repeated self-induced vomiting?

1. AYellow skin, itching and dark urine
2. BCalluses on the knuckles and loss of tooth enamel
3. CA butterfly rash on the cheeks and patchy hair loss
4. DSwelling of the ankles and puffy eyes

A child is in skin traction for a leg fracture. Which nursing action is correct?

1. ALift the weights off when the child is uncomfortable
2. BRemove the traction tapes every hour to check the skin
3. CKeep the weights hanging freely, clear of the bed and floor
4. DLet the weights rest on the floor while the child sleeps, so the pull is gentler

Which finding helps to distinguish epiglottitis from croup?

1. AA hoarse voice with mild fever and a runny nose
2. BSymptoms that improve within hours after a single dose of oral corticosteroid
3. CA barking cough that is worse at night after a cold
4. DDrooling, high fever and a toxic look, without a barking cough

A 15-year-old with cystic fibrosis has stopped doing her daily physiotherapy. What is the best approach?

1. ATell her parents to supervise every session until she is 18
2. BWarn her firmly that she will die soon if she does not do what she is told
3. CStop the physiotherapy, since she does not want it
4. DExplore her reasons and plan treatment with her that fits her daily life