Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which description fits insulin glargine?

1. AA rapid-acting insulin given with each meal
2. BAn oral tablet that makes the pancreas release insulin
3. CA long-acting basal insulin with no marked peak
4. DAn intermediate-acting cloudy insulin with a clear peak

In the United States, what is a "boxed warning" (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AA note that the drug is available without prescription
2. BThe strongest FDA warning about a serious or life-threatening risk
3. CA sign that the drug must be stored in a dark box
4. DA label showing that the drug is a controlled substance with abuse potential

Why is HIV treated with a combination of antiretroviral drugs?

1. ATo make the treatment shorter, usually a few weeks
2. BBecause one drug alone causes no side effects
3. CTo suppress the virus and prevent drug resistance
4. DBecause each single drug cures only part of the infection

Sumatriptan is contraindicated in which patient?

1. AA patient with iron deficiency anaemia
2. BA patient with mild asthma
3. CA patient with coronary artery disease
4. DA patient with a recent ankle sprain

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. AIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture
2. BIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
3. CLoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access
4. DIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets

Почему пациентам, принимающим клозапин, нужен регулярный анализ крови?

1. AОн опасно повышает число тромбоцитов
2. BОн может вызвать агранулоцитоз
3. CОн меняет группу крови
4. DОн часто вызывает железодефицитную анемию

У пациента анафилактическая реакция на первую дозу амоксициллина. Как эта нежелательная реакция классифицируется в распространённой системе A/B?

1. AТип A, поскольку она дозозависима и предсказуема исходя из фармакологии препарата
2. BТип B, поскольку она непредсказуема и не связана с обычным действием препарата
3. CТип A, поскольку доза была слишком высокой
4. DТип B, поскольку она возникает только после длительного применения

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin
2. BHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin
3. CWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once
4. DNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week