Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Stimulation of which receptor increases heart rate and the force of contraction?

1. ABeta-2 adrenergic receptor
2. BMuscarinic M2 receptor
3. CAlpha-2 adrenergic receptor
4. DBeta-1 adrenergic receptor

Propylthiouracil and carbimazole (or its active form methimazole, also called thiamazole) are used to treat which condition?

1. AAdrenal insufficiency
2. BHyperthyroidism
3. CType 1 diabetes
4. DHypothyroidism

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. ANaloxone
2. BFomepizole
3. CFlumazenil
4. DAtropine

Ацикловир в основном применяют для лечения инфекций, вызванных:

1. AВИЧ
2. BБактериями, вырабатывающими бета-лактамазу
3. CГерпесвирусами, например вирусом простого герпеса и вирусом варицелла-зостер
4. DВирусом гриппа A

Как ингибиторы АПФ снижают артериальное давление?

1. AБлокируют L-тип кальциевых каналов в клетках гладких мышц сосудов
2. BБлокируют превращение ангиотензина I в ангиотензин II
3. CУсиливают реабсорбцию натрия в почках
4. DБлокируют бета-1-рецепторы сердца

Which drug is used for torsades de pointes?

1. AIntravenous verapamil
2. BOral digoxin
3. CIntravenous adenosine (rapid push)
4. DIntravenous magnesium sulfate

A patient on weekly methotrexate is prescribed trimethoprim for a urinary infection. What is the main risk?

1. AHypoglycaemia from reduced liver glucose output
2. BLoss of antibiotic effect because methotrexate binds trimethoprim
3. CBone marrow suppression, because both drugs inhibit folate metabolism
4. DSevere hypertension from the combination

Why is gentamicin often given once daily instead of in several small doses?

1. AIt is absorbed slowly from the muscle over 24 hours
2. BIt has a very long half-life of several days
3. CIts killing depends on high peak levels, with a post-antibiotic effect
4. DIts killing depends only on the time the level stays above the MIC