Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

How do second-generation antihistamines such as cetirizine and loratadine differ from older ones?

1. AThey work only on the skin
2. BThey block H2 receptors in the stomach
3. CThey cause much less drowsiness
4. DThey are given only by injection

Zolpidem is mainly prescribed for:

1. AShort-term treatment of insomnia
2. BTreatment of Parkinson's disease
3. CLong-term treatment of depression
4. DPrevention of migraine

Which effect is common and harmless with oral iron tablets?

1. ARed-coloured urine
2. BBlue tint to the lips
3. CDark or black stools
4. DYellow discoloration of the eyes

Which advice helps reduce the most common side effect of varenicline?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach at bedtime with a little milk
2. BTake it with alcohol to reduce nausea
3. CTake it after food with a full glass of water
4. DTake double doses in the first week

Which adverse effect of doxorubicin requires monitoring of heart function?

1. ACumulative heart muscle damage leading to heart failure
2. BSevere hypertension during the infusion itself
3. CRapid rise in cholesterol
4. DPericarditis caused by infection

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
2. BOnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
3. COnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level
4. DAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts a high dose of prednisolone for a flare of COPD. Which change should the nurse expect?

1. AHigher blood glucose, so more frequent glucose checks are needed
2. BLower blood glucose, so the diabetes medicines should be stopped
3. CNo change in glucose, as steroids act only in the lungs
4. DLower potassium only, with no effect on glucose

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. AOral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis
2. BIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
3. CSubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive
4. DAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity